Svādhyāya (स्वाध्याय) is a Sanskrit term that means “self-study” or “study of the self.” It is one of the five Niyamas (observances) in Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras and is often interpreted in two main ways:

1. Study of Sacred Texts – Traditionally, Svādhyāya refers to the study of spiritual scriptures, such as the Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, or Yoga Sutras, to deepen one’s understanding of dharma (duty) and the nature of existence. Chanting or repeating mantras can also be a form of Svādhyāya.

2. Self-Reflection and Inner Inquiry – On a more personal level, Svādhyāya means self-examination, observing one’s thoughts, actions, and patterns to cultivate greater self-awareness. It aligns with the idea of using yoga, meditation, and contemplation as tools for inner growth.

Svādhyāya